server
A server computer, sometimes called
an enterprise server, is a computer system that provides essential services across a network, to private users inside a large organization or to public users in the internet.
Many servers have dedicated functionality such as web servers, print servers, and database servers.
Enterprise servers are known to be very fault tolerant, for even a short-term failure can cost more than purchasing and installing the system. xxx For example, it may take only a few minutes of down time at a national stock exchange to justify the expense of entirely replacing the system with something more reliable. To increase reliability, most of the servers use memory with error detection and correction, redundant disks, redundant power supplies and so on. Such components are also frequently hot swappable, allowing to replace them on the running server without shutting it down. To prevent overheating, servers often have more powerful fans. As servers are usually administered by a qualified engineers,their operating systems are also more tuned for stability and performance than for user friendliness and ease of use, Linux taking noticeably larger percentage than for desktop computers.
As servers need stable power supply, good Internet access, increased security and are also noisy, it is usual to store them in dedicated server centers or special rooms. This requires to reduce power consumption as extra energy used generates more heat and the temperature in the room could exceed the acceptable limits. Normally server rooms are equipped with air conditioning devices. Server casings are usually flat and wide, adapted to store many devices next to each other in server rack. Unlike ordinary computers, servers usually can be configured, powered up and down or rebooted remotely, using out-of-band management.
Many servers have dedicated functionality such as web servers, print servers, and database servers.
Enterprise servers are known to be very fault tolerant, for even a short-term failure can cost more than purchasing and installing the system. xxx For example, it may take only a few minutes of down time at a national stock exchange to justify the expense of entirely replacing the system with something more reliable. To increase reliability, most of the servers use memory with error detection and correction, redundant disks, redundant power supplies and so on. Such components are also frequently hot swappable, allowing to replace them on the running server without shutting it down. To prevent overheating, servers often have more powerful fans. As servers are usually administered by a qualified engineers,their operating systems are also more tuned for stability and performance than for user friendliness and ease of use, Linux taking noticeably larger percentage than for desktop computers.
As servers need stable power supply, good Internet access, increased security and are also noisy, it is usual to store them in dedicated server centers or special rooms. This requires to reduce power consumption as extra energy used generates more heat and the temperature in the room could exceed the acceptable limits. Normally server rooms are equipped with air conditioning devices. Server casings are usually flat and wide, adapted to store many devices next to each other in server rack. Unlike ordinary computers, servers usually can be configured, powered up and down or rebooted remotely, using out-of-band management.
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